我国3省高中生传染病健康素养调查

A survey of health literacy on infectious disease among high school students in 3 provinces of China

目的 了解我国3省高中生传染病健康素养水平及影响因素,为制定我国学生传染病健康素养干预策略提供参考依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法,在我国东、中、西部各一个省抽取高中生,进行自填式问卷调查。对每个学生的传染病健康素养进行评分,应用t检验、F检验或χ2检验进行统计学分析。结果我国3省2914名高中一年级学生传染病健康素养平均分为（49.02±14.00）分,平均得分浙江省（53.72±14.08）高于湖北省（50.80±13.26）（P〈0.01）,湖北省高于甘肃省（42.24±11.96）（P〈0.01）。城市学生平均得分（50.39±14.66）高于农村学生（47.63±13.17）（P〈0.01）。浙江省意识观念、知识、技能、行为素养的得分均高于湖北省（P〈0.05）,湖北省高于甘肃省（P〈0.05）。城市学生传染病知识、技能、信息素养均高于农村学生（P〈0.05）。结论 传染病健康素养存在地区的差异,西部地区高中学生传染病健康素养低于中部和东部地区,农村地区低于城市地区,我国西部和农村学生应作为干预的重点人群。

Objective To understand the status of health literacy on infectious disease among high school students in 3 provinces of China, and provide reference for appropriate intervention strategies development. Methods A pre-con- structed questionnaire was used to measure infectious disease specific health literacy status of senior high school students sampled randomly from eastern, central and western China. The student＇ s test and F test or chi-square-test were applied in statistical analysis. Results Among 2914 valid questionnaires, mean value of infectious disease specific health literacy score was （49. 02 ± 14. 00）, the highest score was found in Zhejiang Province （53.72 ±14. 08）, followed by Hubei Prov- ince （50.80±13.26） （P〈0.01） andGansu Province （42.24±11.96） （P〈0.01）. The mean value of score was higher in urban students than that in rural counterparts （50. 39 ± 14. 66 vs 47. 63± 13. 17, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The scores of awareness and value, knowledge, skills, behavior literacy were highest in Zhejiang Province, followed by Hubei Province （P 〈 0. 05 ）, and Gansu Province （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The score of knowledge, skills and information literacy of urban students were higher than their rural counterparts （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The western and rural students have a lower infections disease specific health literacy level and should be taken as the target population for health education interventions.