我国4省市医疗卫生机构健康教育工作现状和需求调查

Survey on health education situation and demand in medical organizations in 4 provinces,China

目的了解医疗卫生机构健康教育工作的现状、问题及需求,为推进医疗机构健康教育和健康促进工作提供依据。方法根据经济水平和地域特点,选取广东省、山西省、陕西省和重庆市作为项目地区,采用调查问卷对项目地区目标人群进行现场调查。结果共调查医务人员782人,男196人,女586人,医生400人,护士382人。99.10%的医生和护士在诊疗/护理过程中均对患者开展健康教育,医护人员开展健康教育以口头教育为主(77.15%),影响开展健康教育工作主要原因是缺乏其相关知识和技能(28.83%)、没有时间(27.89%)、患者不接受(23.26%)和上级对健康教育工作的考核及督导不够(14.32%)。共调查20家医疗卫生机构,医疗卫生机构健康教育工作专(兼)职人员共计179人,其中专职人员10人(5.59%),兼职人员169人(94.41%);在20家医疗单位中,有12家(60.0%)医疗单位有健康教育专项工作经费,仅有3家(15.0%)为独立科室,制定健康教育技术性文件的有6家(30.0%)。结论卫生行政部门应将开展健康教育工作纳入考核制度,并对医务人员定期组织并培训健康教育知识和技能,提高医务人员健康教育工作能力。

Objective To understand the current situation, problems and demands of health education work in medical organizations, and to provide basis for promoting health education work in medical organizations. Methods Ac- cording to the different economic level and geographical characteristics, a survey was carried out in Guangdong Province, Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province and Chongqing City. Results 782 medical staffs were selected （male 196, female 586, doctor 400, nurse 382）. 99. 10% of doctors and nurses carried out health education activities during diagnoses and nursing process and oral education was the main method for them （77.15%）. The reasons for not doing health education work were shortage of knowledge and skills （28.83%）, lack of time （27. 89% ）, patient rejection （23.26%） and weak of evaluation and supervision （14. 32% ）. Among 20 selected medical organizations, there were 179 health education work- ing staffs, 10 of them were full time （5.59%）, 169 of them were part time （94.41%）. 12 medical and health organiza- tions （60. 0% ） had special funding for health education work, only 3 organizations （ 15. 0% ） had independent depart- ment and 6 organizations （30.0%） formulated health education document. Conclusion The administrative department of public health should set up an evaluation system for health education work and carry out health education knowledge and skill training to improve the medical staff＇ s working ability.