典型城市道路雨水径流污染解析和利用标准探讨

Discussion on road runoff pollution and its utilization standard in typical cities

作为一种非常规水资源,雨水就地利用可以缓解城市用水矛盾。但其利用程度主要取决于雨水利用水质标准,以确定处理程度和是否弃流初期雨水。然而现行雨水利用的标准不完备,且部分指标尚不明晰。结合典型城市道路雨水径流污染现状解析,发现道路雨水中TSS和COD是主要特征污染物,营养物质和重金属污染相对较轻,且初期雨水弃流对雨水水质有明显的改善作用;综合分析现有雨水利用标准和规范的基础上,提出了雨水不同利用方式的水质建议标准值。针对性探讨其利用的BMPs LID措施,即加强源头污染物及初期雨水的控制、完善雨水利用系统管理,制定出台相应的法规标准。

As an alternative water resource,rainwater utilizing can relieve the shortage of urban water resources. However,the degree of utilization depends on the quality standards and the depth of water treatment,as well as the initial split-flow amount. Based on these considerations,the current pollution levels of road rainwater runoff of several typical cities were researched in this study. The findings indicated that TSS and COD were the major pollutants in the road rainwater runoff. In contrast,light pollution levels were indicated for nutrients and heavy metals. In addition,it was found that the initial split-flow could clearly improve the quality of the harvested rainwater. Based on the current analysis of the rainwater harvesting standards and regulations,this study proposed suitable thresholds for the rainwater quality standards for various utilization purposes. The BMPs LID measure was especially discussed,as it could enhance the control of source pollutants and in the initial rainwater,improve the management system for rainwater utilization,as well as facilitate the formulation of corresponding regulations and standards.