1957年“反右”运动与“美学大讨论”正义——以六卷本《美学问题讨论集》(1957-1964)为研讨平台

The Anti-Rightist Movement in 1957 and the Justice of the Big Discussion of Aesthetics

1957年的＂反右＂运动对当时论战正酣的＂美学大讨论＂产生了不可忽视的后果：一是美学讨论被迫中断,讨论中的核心主将黄药眠、敏泽、高尔泰、许杰等人被打成＂右派＂丧失话语权,其＂学术生态＂惨遭破坏;二是《文艺报》＂美学小组＂被迫解散,美学讨论因失去组织联络与会议规划致使其论争长期陷于形而上的自说自话中;三是六卷本《美学问题讨论集》的编辑出版因受＂反右＂运动的干预过滤以及＂主客模式＂思维阈限致使其美学观点被遮蔽与流失。《美学问题讨论集》受＂反右＂影响而与＂史实＂的偏差,对此后至今的相关研究同样造成了不良影响。因此,只有从＂美学史正义＂的高度上重审这桩＂学案＂,从＂主流＂（被继承）、＂边缘＂（被模糊）与＂非主流＂（被遮蔽）三个维度加以＂学派反思＂与＂知识考古＂,方可从美学层面打捞出论争中被＂遮蔽＂与＂湮没＂的声音,也方能对各派美学及美学讨论的功过是非予以合符史实的历史再评价。

The consequences of the anti-rightist movement can not be ignored in the Aesthetics Discussion Movement in 1957.Firstly,the aesthetic discussion was interrupted,the core member of the discussion such as Huang Yao-mian、Min-ze、Gao Er-tai and Xujie entirely lose their voice because of the label as rightist,and the academic ecology also destroyed.Secondly,the aesthetic group of Journal of Literature was forced to dissolve and the esthetics discussion lost in chaos for a long time because of lost contact with the organization.Thirdly,many valuable and original aesthetic views were covered for the edition and publication of the six volumes ＂aesthetic discussed set＂ affected by the antirightist movement and the limitations of the mode of philosophy thinking.The deviation of the six volume ＂aesthetic discussed set＂ and the historical facts has also caused adverse effects.Therefore,only from the justice of the aesthetics review this aesthetic event,deeply reflection it from ＂mainstream＂（inherited） and ＂edge＂（fuzzy） and ＂non-mainstream＂（covered） three dimensional can be re-evaluation the contribution and fault of the various aesthetic and aesthetic discussion with the history of the facts.