基于有限元法的花炮压制过程建模与仿真

Modeling and Simulation of the Fireworks Pressing Process Based on the Finite Element Method

作为花炮制作过程的关键环节,压药过程中的压力分布将会直接影响花炮整体的一致性和安全性。通过定义花炮内部各非线性材料的本构模型,建立了发射药压制模型和亮珠、延时药压制模型,并根据花炮压制的实际工况,应用多步长位移加载方法,模拟出了花炮压制过程中传递给各部分的负载及其分布情况。分析结果表明,在发射药、亮珠和延时药的压制过程中,最大变形均发生在隔断层;并且,发射药层、亮珠和延时药层的应力分布均匀,压药效果较为理想。该分析直观地展现了压制过程中花炮内各部分材料的受力与变形情况,为压药压力和压药深度的选取提供了依据。

Because of explosive fireworks material, the firework production process must be strictly controlled, especially the pressing process. As a key part of the production process of fireworks, the pressure distribution in the pressing process will directly affect the overall consistency and safety. In this paper, finite element method based on firework pressing process is applied to analyze the pressing process. By definition of constitutive model of fireworks inside each nonlinear material, the propellant pressing model and bright beads, delay drug pressing model are established. Furthermore, based on actual working conditions in the fireworks pressing process, the multi-step displacement loading method is adopted to simulate the load and distribution situation transmitted to each part in the firework pressing process. The results show that maximum deformation occurs in the barrier layer in the pressing process of the propellant, bright beads and delay drug; moreover, the stress of the propellant layer, bright bead layer and delay drug layer is well distributed and the pressing effect is better. The analysis results intuitively show the force and deformation relationship of each part material in the firework pressing process, and provide the basis for selecting the pressing pressure and depth.