冲击载荷下风电机组传动链的振动响应及控制研究

RESEARCH OF VIBRATION RESPONSE AND CONTROL METHOD OF WIND TURBINE DRIVE TRAIN UNDER IMPACT LOAD

针对极限载荷引起的风电机组功率不稳定问题,对机组传动链在冲击载荷作用下的振动特性及减振控制方法进行研究。以冲击载荷为激励,利用达朗贝尔原理建立传动链的动力学模型,通过多体动力学模型的对比验证,讨论传动链结构参数与其振动响应间的影响关系。在此基础上基于PID控制原理设计被动与主动两种减振方法,并将其应用于某1.5 MW水平轴风电机组模型中。结果表明:相比于结构阻尼系数的影响,轴系刚度系数对传动链冲击振动的影响更明显;在采用两种减振措施后,低速轴上的振动幅值均显著衰减;其中,采用主动减振方法时的减振效果优于被动方法,它在可降低振动幅值1/3的同时增强传动链抑制随机风载荷波动的抗干扰性能。

Aiming at the problem of power instability of wind turbine under limit load, the study of vibration characteristics and vibration mitigation method of drive chain of wind turbine under impact load was carried out. Taking impact load as the excitation, the dynamic model of drive chain was developed according to the D＇ Alembert principle, the influence relationship between the structure parameters and vibration response of drive chain was discussed through comparison and confirmation of multibody dynamic model. Then both passive and active vibration minimization methods were designed based on the control principle of PID, which were applied to 1.5 MW horizontal axis wind turbine model. The results show that compared with the effect of structural damping coefficient, the impact of shafting stiffness on shock and vibration of drive chain is more obvious ; the vibration amplitude of low speed shaft is significantly attenuated after using two damping measures ; the damping effect of the active damping method is better than that of passive method, it can reduce the vibration amplitude by 1/3, but also can enhance the anti-jamming performance of the drive chain through suppressing random wind load fluctuations.