汉简反映的汉代敦煌水利刍论

A Study on the Water Conservancy Work of Dunhuang Based on Han Dynasty Bamboo Slips

新刊布肩水金关汉简记载的汉宣帝时以诏书穿渠敦煌的事件,以及悬泉汉简记载的汉代敦煌郡的穿渠文书,反映出汉代敦煌水利建设事业的兴盛。简文记载的汉宣帝甘露年间的穿渠活动,说明汉代敦煌的穿渠对于西域开发具有重要意义。简文记载的各类治渠文书,不仅反映出汉代敦煌水利建设持续时间之长,而且说明了屯戍修渠与民间修渠的不同形式。汉代敦煌水利的管理,有都水长、平水史、东部水等不同职官。水渠的命名,有第一、第二、左、右、内、外、东、西等不同编号,说明敦煌水利管理的系统化特色。

The newly published Han Dynasty Wooden Slips from Jianshuijinguan contains some slips which record that Emperor Xuan of the Han dynasty ordered that irrigation ditches be dug at Dunhuang, a mandate confirmed by similar records found at Xuanquan. Both archives reflect the developed state of water conservancy at Dunhuang in the Han dynasty and indicate that water conservation at Dunhuang was very important for the development of the Western Regions. Various passages regarding the construction of irrigation ditches found in these bamboo slips demonstrate that there were ditches constructed by both government and non-government organizations, and that water conservancy work was conducted over a very long period of time at Dunhuang.The thorough systematization of local departments, official titles, and names of irrigation ditches further reveals that the management of projects related to water use was highly prioritized at Dunhuang.