猪粪替代氮肥对稻麦轮作条件下土壤有机氮组分的影响

Effects of Pig Manure Replacing Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil Organic Nitrogen Components Under Rice-Wheat Rotation

合理的有机肥投入水平对于保障土壤肥力和粮食生产有重要的意义。因此,本试验以猪粪作为试验材料,采用田间小区定位试验,通过设置对照(T0)、不施氮(T1)、100%化肥氮(T2)、25%猪粪氮+75%化肥氮(T3)、50%猪粪氮+50%化肥氮(T4)、100%猪粪氮(T5)6个不同施肥处理,探讨稻麦轮作体系下不同猪粪氮替代氮肥对土壤有机氮组分的影响。结果表明:猪粪替代氮肥可以提高稻麦轮作体系下土壤酸解性总氮、非酸解性总氮和酸解性氮各个组分的含量,在水稻季,T4处理的土壤酸解性总氮、氨基酸态氮和酸解未知氮的含量相较T0处理提高了17%、8%、133%;在小麦季,T3处理的土壤酸解性总氮、氨基酸态氮和酸解未知氮的含量相较T0处理分别增加了11%、8%、127%;各个猪粪替代氮水平对稻麦两季的土壤氨态氮和氨基糖态氮含量的影响均不显著。总体而言,水稻季50%猪粪替代氮肥和小麦季25%猪粪替代氮肥可以提高稻麦轮作条件下土壤酸解性总氮、氨基酸态氮和酸解未知氮的含量,进而增加土壤供氮潜力。

The reasonable level of organic fertilizer is important for the protection of soil fertility and grain production. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of pig manure replacing nitrogen fertilizer on soil organic nitrogen components under rice-wheat rotation, six treatments were designed which included no fertilization （TO）, no nitrogen （T1）, single application of chemical fertilizer （T2）, 25% pig manure nitrogen and 75% chemical fertilizer nitrogen（T3）, 50% pig manure nitrogen and 50% chemical fertilizer nitrogen （T4）, 100% pig manure nitrogen （T5）. The results showed that pig manure replacing nitrogen fertilizer increased total hydrolysable nitrogen, non-hydrolysable nitrogen and acid solution nitrogen of each component content. Compared with TO, in rice season, the contents of soil total hydrolysable nitrogen, amino acid nitrogen and hydrolysable unidentified nitrogen under T4 treatment increased by 17%, 8% and 133%, respectively; in wheat season, the contents of soil total hydrolysable nitrogen, amino acid nitrogen and hydrolysable unidentified nitrogen under T3 treatment increased by 11%, 8% and 127%, respectively, compared with TO treatment; however, the effects of each treatment were not significant on the contents of ammonia nitrogen and amino sugar nitrogen both in rice season and wheat season. In general, in rice season 50% pig manure replacing.nitrogen fertilizer and in wheat season 25% pig manure replacing nitrogen fertilizer can increase the contents of soil total hydrolysable nitrogen, amino acid nitrogen and hydrolysable unidentified nitrogen, thereby can increase soil nitrogen supplying capacity.