论贝西埃对西方传统小说理论的叩问与超越

On Jean Bessiere's Questioning of Major Western Novel Theories

让·贝西埃的著作《叩问小说,超越小说理论的若干途径》以问题学哲学为指导,重读并叩问19和20世纪西方的重大小说理论,提出了至今最宽泛的小说定义和一些新的观念。本文从偶然性、性情、二重性、悖论、思辨性人学、整体化和整体主义、信念、历史性、叩问、情势等方面入手,探讨贝西埃如何重构小说的创作实践和审美实践,超越经典,提出新的小说思想。

Jean Bessiere＇ s 2012 book, Questionner le roman. Quelques voles au-deldt des theories des romans, under the guid- ance of problematic philosophy, rereads and questions the western major novel theories of 19th and 20th centuries, proposing the broadest definition of novel and some new ideas. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze how Jean Bessiiere recon- structs novel theories in creative practice and aesthetic practice with a series of new ideas such as contingency, ethos, duality, paradox, speculative anthropology, totalisation and holism, faith, historicity, question and conjuncture.