西南涡研究和观测试验回顾及进展

A Review of the Research and Observing Experiment on Southwest China Vortex

西南涡是我国最主要的灾害性天气系统之一,对西南涡及其影响的研究和预报,一直是天气学领域的重点和难点。从西南涡研究和观测试验的回顾及10年来的进展两个方面,系统总结了国内外关于西南涡系统及其降水影响的主要成果;重点讨论了西南涡研究与应用存在的基础数据、中尺度特征、演变机理、天气影响和预报技术等主要问题;并且,强调了深入开展西南涡中尺度分析研究,尤其是其观测布局试验的重要性;最后,指出了基于与西南涡结构、演变和影响尺度匹配的观测系统、多源数据、分析技术和研究理论,加强西南涡及其影响的中尺度气象学观测、试验、理论和应用的综合研究是其未来的重要发展方向。

The Southwest China vortex is one of the most important severe weather systems in China.The research and forecasting of Southwest China vortex and its influences on weather are always the key and difficult points in weather science.This paper systematically summarizes major advances in both aspects of researching and observing experiments about the Southwest China vortex and precipitation in recent ten years,and focuses on the main problems,such as basic data,mesoscale feature,evolution mechanism,weather influence and prediction technology.Furthermore,we emphasize the importance to carry out the mesoscale research of Southwest China vortex,specially on the observing-layout experiments.Finally,we point out that it is an important development direction in the future to strengthen the comprehensive research on mesoscale meteorology,including the observing system,multi-source data,analytical technique and theory research that match with the scales of Southwest China vortex.