墨玉县农村维吾尔族围绝经期妇女代谢综合征组分变化特征研究

Metabolic syndrome,its components on changes among Uyghur perimenopausal women in Moyu county of Xinjiang

目的 了解墨玉县围绝经期妇女代谢综合征（MS）组分的演变特征,为新疆农村维吾尔族妇女代谢综合征防治提供科学依据。方法 分别于2007年和2013年对墨玉县农村维吾尔族居民同一人群进行横断面调查,2007年采用多阶段分层抽样的方法从墨玉县364个自然村中抽取15个村中的1 650名维吾尔族成人,完成慢性肾脏病等慢性疾病患病率的横断面调查,资料完整的40-65岁的围绝经期女性为274人。2013年再次对该人群进行跟踪调查,资料完整的围绝经期女性为361人,2次调查均进行问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检查。采用NCEP-ATPⅢ为代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome,MS）的诊断标准。结果 2007年和2013年维吾尔族围绝经期女性MS各组分中以“中心性肥胖＋高血压＋高TG”为主（14.6%、12.7%）,其次是4种组分异常“中心性肥胖＋高血压＋高TG＋高FPG”（9.5%、6.4%）,2种组分异常以中心性肥胖合并血压异常居首位,呈上升趋势（17.9%、28.8%）（χ^2=31.823,P=0.000）。2007年和2013年NCEP-ATPⅢ标准组分中以中心性肥胖患病率最高,患病高峰年龄为40-49岁（77.6%、86.3%）,其次是50～59岁（73.9%、86.0%）。血压异常在MS组分中仅次于中心性肥胖,2007-2013年有升高趋势,2013年60-65岁患病率最高（74.3%）,各组差异有统计学意义（χ^2=19.068,P=0.002）。结论 新疆墨玉县维吾尔族围绝经期女性的MS防治应给予高度重视,重点防治中心性肥胖和高血压,应制定相应的早期防控政策。

Objective This study aimed to analysis the characteristics of metabolic syndrome components in rural Uyghur perimenopausal women in Moyu county and develop optimal intervention strategies for MS in rural areas of Xinjiang.Methods We had conducted an epidemiological survey of CKD in Uyghur adults from 15 out of 364 villages of Moyu county in 2007.The population were randomly selected by using a stratified,multistage sampling and were investigated again in 2013,all subjects received the questionnaire,physical examination and biochemical analysis.Uyghur perimenopausal women aged 40-65 years with complete data collection were 274 in 2007 and 361 in 2013,respectively.The MS was defined using National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment PanelⅢ（NCEP-ATPⅢ）.Results Uyghur perimenopausal women with the MS and three of itsthe main risk determinants presented a cluster of abdominal obesity,hypertension and high TG in 2007 and 2013,the rate was 14.6% VS.12.7%.Another characteristics of MS components presented a cluster including three main risk determinants and high FPG,the rate was 9.5% VS.6.4%.From 2007 to 2013,a cluster of abdominal obesity and hypertension exhibited a remarkable increasing trend（17.9% VS.28.8%,P 0.001）.Another finding from our study showed that abdominal obesity was the most prevalent component of MS,which increased significantly during 6years,especially in 40-49 year old group（77.6% VS.86.3%）,then in 50-59 year old group（73.9% VS.86.0%）.The highest prevalence rate of hypertension was 74.3% in 60 to 65 years group in 2013,which increased with age from 2007 to 2013.Conclusion The prevalence of MS in rural Uyghur perimenopausal women in Moyu county should be paid more attention and the prevention and treatment of abdominal obesity and hypertension should be focused on.Early identification of MS in this population could implement more efficient strategies in terms of primary prevention.