大麦条锈菌专化型鉴定及其致病性初步分析

Identification of forma specialis of barley stripe rust and pathogenicity analysis

【目的】对2012年采自甘肃省和青海省大麦(青稞)上的条锈菌进行了专化型鉴定和致病类型测定,并选用甘肃省和青海省的16份大麦上的条锈菌和11份小麦上的条锈菌对27份大麦品种进行了苗期致病性测定.【方法】采用涂抹接种及撒孢子粉接种的方法.【结果】16份大麦条锈菌标样均为大麦条锈菌小麦专化型,其致病类型鉴定为贵22-9、贵22-56、贵22-82、贵22-91、水11-13、水11-13(中四感)、水11-102、水11-157、水11-200、水11-203和小麦条锈菌5个未归类型。大麦条锈菌对大麦品种‘果洛’‘藏青25’‘昆仑1号’‘康青3号’‘昆仑12号’的毒性频率分别为56.25%、37.50%、25.00%、62.50%、21.43%,小麦条锈菌对大麦品种‘果洛’‘藏青25’‘昆仑1号’‘康青3’‘昆仑12号’的毒性频率分别为36.36%、18.18%、54.54%、45.45%、9.09%.【结论】大麦品种‘果洛’‘康青3号’‘藏青25’‘昆仑1号’和‘昆仑12号’可被采自大麦和小麦上的条锈菌侵染,为共同感病寄主.

【Objective】The stripe rust collect from the barley（highland barley）in Gansu and Qinghai Province in 2012 was identified and pathogenic types were detected,and pathogenicity test was carried out on 27 barley varieties at seedling stage choosing stripe rust on 16 barley varieties and 11 wheat varieties in Gansu and Qinghai.【Method】Using the method of smearing inoculation and scattering spores to inoculate.【Result】The results showed that 16 barley stripe rust samples were wheat biotypes caused by barley stripe rust and pathogenic types were identified as G22-9,G 22-56,G22-82,G22-91,Su11-13,Su11-13（infecting Zhong4）、Su11-102,Su11-157,Su11-200,Su11-203 and five no return types.Virulence frequencies of barley stripe rust to barley varieties including‘Guoluo＇‘Navy Blue 25＇‘KunLun 1＇‘Kang green 3＇‘KunLun 12＇were 56.25%,37.50%,25%,62.50% and 21.43%,respectively and virulence frequencies of wheat stripe rust to barley varieties of‘Guoluo＇‘Navy Blue 25＇‘KunLun 1＇‘Kang green 3＇‘KunLun 12＇were 36.36%,18.18%,54.54%,45.45%,9.09%,respectively.【Conclusion】Barley varieties of‘Guoluo＇‘Kang green 3＇‘Navy Blue 25＇‘KunLun 1＇and‘KunLun 12＇can be infected by stripe rust collected from barley and wheat being the common susceptible host.