江西4个乡土种源无患子种子品质及苗期生长研究

Seed Quality and Seedling Growth Characteristics of Four Native Sapindus mukurossi in Jiangxi

为了解江西乡土无患子种源差异,筛选优质种源,对江西省南昌市、靖安县、泰和县、鹰潭市4个种源的种子品质及苗期生长量进行了测定,并对其综合性状进行评价。结果表明:4个种源中,鹰潭市种源种子品质最优;无患子场圃发芽率4个种源依次为:鹰潭>泰和>靖安>南昌;1年生苗木苗高和地径的年生长规律均呈S型生长曲线,且生长量最大的均是泰和县种源;总生物量最大的种源是鹰潭市,最小的为靖安县。根据相关性分析可知,无患子种子纵径、含水量和优良度分别与苗木冠幅呈显著正相关,且无患子苗木各生长性状,尤其苗高与各生物量间有着非常密切的关系。以良种选育为目的,以无患子的种子品质和1年生苗苗期生长性状为参评因素,对这4个乡土种源进行了综合评价,优良度依次为:鹰潭>泰和>南昌>靖安。

In order to understand the differences in seed provenances native in Jiangxi and to select those with high quality,quality characters of the seeds and the growth of the seedlings of Sapindus mukurossi collected from 4regions within Jiangxi were investigated,including Nanchang,Jing＇an,Taihe,and Yingtan.The comprehensive characters were evaluated.In the four provenances,the seed quality of Yingtan was the best.The field germination rates of the four provenances were in the order of YingtanTaiheJing＇anNanchang.The growth regularities of the seedling height and ground diameter appeared as the obvious Sgrowth curves.Taihe provenance presented the highest growth in seedling height and ground diameter.The total biomass of Yingtan provenance was the highest,while Jing＇an was the lowest.Correlation analysis demonstrated that the seed width,moisture content,and soundness were significantly and positively correlated with the crown.Significant correlations were also observed between the growth traits（especially seedling height）and the biomass of the seedlings.To select fine varieties,considering seed quality and the growth characters of 1-year-old seedlings,the order of comprehensive evaluation on the seeds from four provenances was YingtanTaiheNanchangJing＇an.