杨凌区城镇景观格局动态变化分析

Analysis on the Dynamic Changes of Landscape Pattern in Yangling

以遥感影像为主要信息源,运用ENVI5.1、ArcGis9.3、Fragstates3.3等软件,结合景观生态学原理,从小尺度的城乡景观入手,对1995-2014年杨凌区景观格局的动态变化进行分析。结果表明,近20a杨凌景观格局发生了明显变化。景观内各部分面积变化明显,其中城镇建设用地面积持续快速增加,在所有用地类型中表现最为突出;绿地景观、人工水域的面积也都有所增加;农业用地、林地、农村建设用地、自然水体等面积都有所下降,其中农业用地与林地减少的最为突出;除此之外,景观内各类斑块的密度、形状都有所变化,其中绿地景观密度增加最为剧烈,除未利用地,其余类型斑块的形状趋于复杂化。在景观格局的演替过程中,杨凌区总体景观的异质性增加,景观的破碎化程度加深,优势景观农业用地的控制力下降,景观趋于均衡化、多样化。

Based on the landsat TM images of 1995,2007,and 2014 as the key information sources,combined with landscape ecology,the dynamic changes of landscape pattern in Yangling during 1995 to 2014were analyzed by using softwares of ENVI5.1,ArcGis9.3,and Fragstates3.3.The results showed that during the past 19 years,the landscape pattern changed dramatically.Component area of each patch changed significantly.Urban construction land,green space landscape,artificial water increased,and urban construction land had the strongest trend.While agricultural land,woodland,rural construction land,and nature waters decreased,and the reduction of agricultural land,woodland was the top two.Besides,the density and shape of the patches changed.Among all patch types,the density of green space landscape had the most dramatically increase.In addition to the unused land,the shape of the other patch types tended to complicate.The landscape heterogeneity increased,and the fragmentation of Yangling deepened,while the dominance of this district,agricultural land,declined.The changes of land use types make the landscape pattern well-distributed.