基于ANSYS的载货汽车车架静动态性能分析

Analysis on Heavy-duty Truck Frame Static and Dynamic Performance Based on ANSYS

为了校核低合金钢材料满足不同工况下车架刚度要求,同时计算出车架固有频率值,为汽车厂商设计车架提供依据。基于Solid Works软件建立汽车车架的三维模型,利用大型有限元软件ANSYS对模型进行不同工况下的静力学分析,得到车架应力、应变及位移图像;通过进行动力学模态分析,得到车架固有频率及振型;以汽车通过减速带时的工况为例,对车架施加瞬态动力载荷,得到车架变形图和位移响应曲线,分析车架在受到瞬态冲击载荷时的变形。结果表明:柔性体车架结构在2种工况下满足刚度要求,最大应力值约200 MPa,进而得到车架的固有频率值,为车架的动态设计提供依据。同时也为弹性车架的刚柔耦合模型的性能分析提供理论基础。

The purpose of this paper is to check whether the lower-alloy steel meets the requirements of frame stiffness under different working conditions. Rated frequency is calculated to provide the basis for the auto maker to design the frame. Based on Solid Works software to build 3D model of vehicle frame, using software ANSYS to do statics analysis under the different working conditions, the figures of the stress, strain and displacement are obtained. At the same time the rated frequency and the pattern of vibration are provided through the dynamic module analysis. Taking the working condition that the truck is driving across the speed reducing band as an example, the figure of frame deformation and the curve of displacement response are gained by applying the transient dynamic load on the frame and the deformation of frame is analyzed at bearing the transient dynamic load. The results show that the flexible frame can meet the stiffness requirements under 2 working conditions, the rated frequency of frame will be obtained when its maximum stress is about 200 MPa, which will provide the basis for the frame dynamic design and the theoretical basis for the performance analysis of rigid-flexible model.