植物粗提物对荔枝霜疫霉的抑菌活性研究

Study on Inhibitory Effects of Some Plant Crude Extracts on Peronophythora Litchi

为寻找植物源抑菌物质对果树病害进行防治,采用超声波提取法获得16种植物的乙醇粗提物,通过菌丝生长法和孢子囊萌发法测定粗提物对荔枝霜疫霉(Peronophythora litchi)的抑制作用。结果表明,白鲜、虎杖和蛇床粗提物抑菌活性较强,5mg/m L条件下白鲜、虎杖和蛇床在抑菌率分别是71.87%、54.03%和53.79%,对孢子囊萌发抑制率分别9.40%、90.95%、61.93%,白鲜和虎杖的复配物抑荔枝霜疫霉菌丝生长起增效作用。不同植物的乙醇粗提物对荔枝霜疫霉的抑菌效果不同,植物粗提物的复配能增强植物的抑菌活性。

To screen plant original inhibitory substances, for controlling diseases of fruit trees, 16 kinds of plant extracts were obtainedby using ultrasonic extraction, and their antifungal activity was tested by applying to Peronophythora litchi. Results showed that thoseextracts from Dictamnus dasycarpus, Polygonum cuspidatum and Cnidium monnieri showed the higher inhibitory effects than those fromother plants, at the 5mg/mL of concentration they exhibited 71.87%, 54.03%, and 53.79% inhibition on growth of Peronophythora li-tchi, and 9.40%, 90.95%, 61.93% inhibition on porangial germination, respectively. Mixture of extracts from Dictamnus dasycarpusand Polygonum cuspidatum showed synergistic inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of Peronophythora litchi. Different plant extractsshowed different inhibitory effects on Peronophythora litchi, and the compounding extracts exhibited stronger antifungal activity on Per-onophythora litchi.