应用单穴治疗落枕临床研究进展与探讨

Evolvement and Discussion of the Research on Treating Stiff Neck with Single Acupoint

落枕是以颈项突然发生疼痛、活动受限为主症的病证,其发生常与睡眠姿势不正、枕头高低不适、颈部负重过度、寒邪侵袭等因素有关,落枕会导致循行颈项的经络受压阻滞,气血不通,经气不利,"不通则痛"。其病位在颈项部经筋,与督脉、手足太阳和足少阳经、足阳明经密切相关,而临床上对其治疗主要采用针刺、指压、刺络拔罐等方法对单穴刺激激发经气,外加活动辅助使其颈项经络气血通畅,达到"通则不痛"的目的。而单穴治疗落枕具有操作简单、效果明显的特点,笔者就近年对于以单穴为主治疗落枕的文献梳理,按照太阳经、阳明经、少阳经、督脉、八脉交会穴、经外奇穴、阿是穴以及耳穴的临床研究进展进行相关的探讨,以便于更好地继承和发扬针灸精华,为中医药临床工作者治疗落枕提供参考借鉴,造福于更多患者。

Stiff neck mainly includes the symptoms of sudden pain and limit of moving in neck, which appears due to the inappropriate sleeping postures, unpleasant height of pillow, overloading of neck and invasion of cold . These factors oppress the meridians flowing through the neck, thus offending the meridian Qi and blood, ＂hurt when blocking＂ . The disease locate on meridians of neck, and correlates with governor vessel, small intestine and bladder meridian, gallbladder and stomach meridian. Needling, finger-pressing and cupping with needling meridian are the prior in treatments, which aetiviate the meridian Qi of single acupoint and achieve the purpose of ＂no pain if unobstructed＂ with extra exercise. The author summarized the literature about treating stiff neck with single acupoint basing on greater Yang, Yang brightness, and lesser yang meridian, governor vessel, confluence points of the eight vessel, extra points, ouch point and ear point, and hope to provide reference.