肿瘤患者输血前相关检测的分析研究

Analysis of related detections before blood transfusion in tumor patients

目的调查肿瘤患者输血相关检测中血型鉴定正反不符与不规则抗体阳性的检出情况及分布,并与非肿瘤患者群体比较分析。方法选取该院自2011年11月至2015年6月在输血科进行备血的16 760例患者结果资料,分成肿瘤患者组与非肿瘤患者组,对其中血型鉴定正反不符与不规则抗体筛查实验阳性的结果进行统计分析。结果 ABO血型正定型与反定型不一致的结果共27例,肿瘤患者组的发生率为0.65%,非肿瘤组发生率为0.08%,;不规则抗体阳性共49例,肿瘤患者组有18例,发生率0.74%,非肿瘤者31例,发生率约为0.22%。显示肿瘤患者ABO血型正反不符及抗筛阳性的发生比例均高于非肿瘤患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。无论对于肿瘤患者组还是非肿瘤组,引起血型鉴定问题的主要影响因素均为抗体减弱,其次为自身抗体等;引起抗筛鉴定阳性的原因在两组中均主要为特异性抗体。结论肿瘤患者疾病特征更加容易引起ABO血型正反不符和抗筛检测阳性,在工作中要对其检测结果提高重视,避免漏检,提高鉴别能力,保障输血安全。

Objective To investigate the detection situation and distribution of blood typing positive and negative disagree and irregular antibody positive in blood transfusion related tests in tumor patients,and to make comparative analysis with the data of non-tumor patients.Methods The results data in 16 760 patients with blood preparation in our hospital from November 2011 to June 2015 were selected and divided into the tumor patients group and the non-tumor patients group.Among them,the results of blood typing positive and negative disagree and positive in the irregular antibody screening test were statistically analyzed.Results27 cases were ABO blood type positive typing inconsistent with reverse typing,the occurrence rate of the tumor patients group was0.65%,which of the non-tumor patients group was 0.08%;the irregular antibody positive was in 49 cases,in which 18 cases were in the tumor patients group with the occurrence rate of 0.74%,31 cases were in the non-tumor patients group witht e occurrence rate of 0.22%,showing that the occurrence proportion of blood typing positive and reverse inconsistency and irregular antigen positive was higher than that of the non-tumor patients group,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）,31 cases in the noncancer group,the positive rate is 0.22%.18 cases in cancer-group with 0.74%incidence rate.It shows that the proportion of positive in cancer patients was higher than non-cancer patients（P〈0.05）.The main influencing factors affecting blood typing problems in the tumor patients group and non-tumor patients group were the antibody weakening,followed by autoantibody,etc.the reasons for the irregular antibody screening positive in the two groups were mainly the specific antibodies.Conclusion The disease characteristics of tumor patients are easier to cause ABO blood type positive and reverse inconsistency and irregular antibody screening positive.In the work,more attention should be paid to the detection results for avoiding the missed detection,increasing the identification ability and ensuring the blood transfusion safety.determination is more often in cancer patients about Tests about blood transfusion;This should be relate to character of phymatosis.Much concern should be given to related test of cancer patients′blood transfusion,avoiding omissions,and improve the safety of blood infusion.