经皮穿刺气管切开术在神经外科重症患者急救中的运用与护理

First Aid and Nursing Care of Percutaneous Tracheostomy in Critically Ill Patients in the Department of Neurosurgery

目的探究采用经皮穿刺气管切开术在神经外科重症患者急救中的效果以及护理配合。方法选择行经皮穿刺气管切开术患者53例为观察组;选取同期内行开放性气管切开术的53例患者为对照组。两组均采用有效的护理干预,对比两组治疗效果。结果手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度以及伤口愈合时间均显著短于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症发生率低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论对于神经外科重症患者在急救中实施经皮穿刺气管切开术可有效改善治疗效果,缩短患者恢复时间,提高治疗安全性。在围术期间还需给予有效护理干预措施,以确保治疗顺利进行,提高患者抢救成功率。

Objective To explore the application value and nursing cooperation of percutaneous dilata- tional tracheostomy in the care of critically ill patients. Methods 53 patients treated with percutaneous tracheot- omy were selected as the observation group and 53 patients treated with open tracheostomy were selected as the con- trol group. The two groups were adopted effective nursing intervention and the treatment effect of the two groups were compared. Results The operative time, blood loss, length of incision and wound healing time in the obser- vation group were significantly shorter and less than those of the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The postoperative com- plication rate of observation group was lower than that of the control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion For neuro- surgical severe patients in emergency, implementation by percutaneous tracheotomy can effectively improve the treatment effect, shorten the patient recovery time, and improve the security of treatment. During the perioperative period, it is necessary to provide effective nursing interventions to ensure the smooth progress of the treatment and improve the success rate of the patients.