桂林寨底地下河水化学特征及离子来源分析

Analysis of hydro-chemical characteristics and ion resource from Zhaidi underground river in Guilin

水化学特征分析是研究岩溶地下河系统的主要方法之一。选取桂林寨底地下河为研究对象,研究寨底地下河系统的水化学特征,包括水化学类型、水质的矿化度和硬度,不同区域K^+、Na^+、Caa^(2+)、Mga^(2+)、SO_4^(2-)、Cl^-、HCO_3^-离子含量的空间分布特征及规律,运用离子比值法和主成分分析法对离子来源进行分析。结果表明,寨底地下河大部分属于微硬水,矿化度与Ca^(2+)、HCO_3^-呈显著相关。水化学类型主要为HCO_3-Ca,从补给区到排泄区离子浓度逐渐升高。寨底地下河系统的离子来源主要有碳酸盐岩和白云岩溶解,易受到地表污染源和人为污染的影响,且具有区域分布规律。

Hydro-chemical analysis is one of the main methods of underground river research. From Zhaidi underground river,the water samples were analyzed in August 2012 in wet season in addition to on-site measurement.Chemical analysis shows groundwater chemical type and salinity and hardness. It elaborates the characters of content distribution of K^＋,Na^＋,Ca^2＋,Mg^2＋,HCO-3,SO4^（2-）,Cl-and the ion source. Two hydration analysis methods that include ion ratio methods and principal component analysis study the ion source. The result indicates that ion sources come from carbonate dissolution and water rock interaction. The result shows Zhaidi underground river belongs to micro hardness,related to Ca^2＋,HCO3^-. Water chemistry type is HCO3- Ca,ion mainly comes from dissolution of carbonate rock,dolomite and human activity,with regularities of distribution.