岩溶地下河定量示踪研究方法综述

Review of quantitative tracing studies on karst underground river

示踪试验具有实际操作简单方便、生产成本低且具有较高的评价精度等特点,其在水文地质工程地质工作中对岩溶管道的探究、地下水空间分布、堤坝渗漏和环境污染等方面具有很强的应用性。本文综述了岩溶地下河的定量示踪技术,包括示踪剂的选用、监测以及数据解释。现有研究表明,荧光素钠是国际上首选的人工示踪剂,高精度、高密度和多指标的自动检测技术是获得高质量示踪数据的重要基础。定量示踪研究能够提供可用于分析地下水流场、水文地质结构等的示踪剂滞留时间、迁移速度、弥散系数等水力参数,可为岩溶地下河生态脆弱性评价和溶质运移研究提供科学依据。

Tracer test can be easily manipulated with features of low cost and higher accuracy. It can be widely applied in hydrogeological and engineering geological field for determination of karst conduit,groundwater distribution,leakage of dam and environmental contamination. In this paper,the quantitative trace technology for karst underground stream has been reviewed,including tracer selection,monitoring and data explanation. Present studies indicate that sodium fluorescein is the first candidate and it is the important foundation in automonitoring with high accuracy,high density and multiindex. Quantitative tracer test can provide parameters of groundwater flow field,hydrogeological structure,tracer retaining time,velocity of transport,dispersion coefficient and provide scientific information for estimation of karst underground stream vulnerability and solute transport.