电磁小火车运动原理分析

ANALYSIS ON THE PRINCIPLE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SMALL TRAIN

电磁小火车题目来自2016年IYPT中的一道题目,介绍了一个两端扣有纽扣磁铁的干电池可以在螺绕环中运动,吸引了很多中学生的注意,学生对此很感兴趣,迫切想要了解其中的物理知识.这个现象与高中所学的电磁学知识紧密相关,而且电磁学知识是高考中很重要的知识.本文介绍了电磁小火车的制作方法,并运用高中知识解释了小火车的运动原理,有助于学生理解电与磁之间的相互作用,加深对高中电磁学知识的理解,以期提高学生运用物理知识解决实际问题的能力.

The issue of the electromagnetic small train came from a question in 2016 IYPT,which introduced a phenomenon that a dry cell with the button magnet at two ends could move in the toroid.This phenomenon attracted the attentions of many middle school students,who had great interest on this problem and urgently wanted to understand the inside physical knowledge.Indeed,this phenomenon is closely related to the knowledge of electromagnetism studied in senior high school,and the electromagnetic knowledge is a very important part of knowledge in college entrance examination.This paper introduces the making method of the electromagnetic train and explains the principle of the motion of the train by using the knowledge learned in senior high school.It helps students understand the interaction between electricity and magnetism,and deepen their understanding of the electromagnetism knowledge learned in high school,in order to improve students＇ ability to solve practical problems with their physical knowledge.