水蒸气蒸馏法和同时蒸馏萃取法制备新疆产罗马洋甘菊油及成分比较

Extraction and Components Comparison of Oils from Chamaemelum Nobilis L. in Xinjiang by Steam Distillation and Simultaneous Distillation Extraction Methods

采用水蒸气蒸馏法和同时蒸馏萃取法提取了新疆产罗马洋甘菊挥发油,通过GC-MS方法分析了两种油的主要化学成分,并比较它们的差别。两种油中均含有大量的萜烯类、醇类、酮类、酸类和酯类化合物。特别是其中的酯类化合物,使得油拥有突出的花香和果香香韵。两种方法相比,同时蒸馏萃取法的得油率相对较高,对于小分子单萜、水溶性较好的化合物有更高的提取效率,而化学成分上的差别造成不同方法制备的油在香韵上的差异。

Volatile oils of Chamaemelum Nobilis L. in Xinjiang were obtained by means of steam distillation（SD） and simultaneous distillation extraction（SDE）. Their main chemical components were determined by GC- MS and compared respectively in this study. The results indicated that they all contained plenty of terpenes, alcohols, ketones, acids and esters. Among these components, especially the esters made the oils exhibiting floral and fruity notes. The yield of oil by SDE was higher than that by SD, and SDE had a better extraction efficiency on monoterpenes and water- soluble compounds. The differences of chemical components were resulted from extraction technologies which, in turn, brought about different aroma styles of oils.