太湖流域粳稻群体遗传结构分化和亚群特异性分析

Analysis of Genetic Structure Differentiation of Japonica Rice(Oryza sativa L.)Cultivar Population and Specificity of Subpopulations in Taihu Lake Region

目的:研究太湖流域粳稻群体的遗传结构分化以及不同生态亚群的遗传多样性、特异性及其相互关系,为太湖流域亲本遴选提供遗传背景依据。方法:从太湖流域823份地方品种构成的核心种质中筛选出58份品种和36份育成品种构成代表样品,选用均匀分布12条染色体上的91个标记,采用Structure Version2.2软件,对粳稻群体遗传多样性、亚群遗传分化及特异性进行分析。结果:太湖流域粳稻群体由8类血缘组成,遗传上可分为5个生态亚群,每个亚群的血缘构成各不相同。不同的生态亚群中含有各自的特有和特缺等位变异,其中生态型Ⅲ特有等位变异数最多,对其他4个亚群其具有最多的补充等位变异。

The objective of the present study was to explore the differentiation of genetic structure of the general population of Japonica rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivar in Taihu Lake Region and the genetic diversity, genetic specificity and genetic relationship of the ecotype subpopulations for serving the genetic improvement of Japonica rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivar in Taihu Lake Region in selecting key parental materials from the population. 91 SSR markers scattered on the whole genome were used to analyze the differentiation of genetic structure of the population with a sample of 36 cuhivars and 58 landraces out of total 823 Japonica rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivar in Taihu Lake Region under the software Structure Version 2.2, to analyze the genetic differentiation of the population into eeotype subpopulations and the genetic diversity, specificity and relationship of the subpopulations.The Japonica rice （Oryza sativa L. ） euhivar in Taihu Lake Region was composed of eight groups of germplasm and obviously differentiated into five ecotype subpopulations with different composition of germplasm groups.Each ecotype subpopulation held its own specifically existent, deficient and complementary alleles, which reflected ecological specificity of its genetic source.The ecotype Ⅲ subpopulation has the most specifically existent alleles and the most complementary number of alleles for other four ecotype subpopulations.