交趾黄檀及其相似树种木材构造的比较分析

Comparison and analysis of the wood structure of Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre and its similar species

交趾黄檀属于红木树种,木材材质优异,市场价值高,在市场上常有其他木材冒充交趾黄檀,损害了消费者的利益。为了识别交趾黄檀及其相似树种,通过木材解剖和显微摄影技术,对交趾黄檀及其相似树种木材宏观构造和木材显微构造进行综合分析和比较。结果表明：交趾黄檀的木材底色比其他相似树种深,木材新切面呈紫红色或暗红褐,久置后为深红色或暗红色;交趾黄檀木材常具黑色条纹,且黑色条纹比其他树种粗;交趾黄檀木材具有酸辛味,而其他树种木材气味微弱或无。交趾黄檀轴向薄壁组织为带状和翼状,与射线局部交叉为网格状;交趾黄檀单列木射线较多,多列木射线宽2~3个细胞,高6~14个细胞,与其他树种有明显差异。交趾黄檀及其相似树种木材可通过木材颜色、纹理、气味等宏观特征以及轴向薄壁组织、木射线等显微构造特征来进行识别。

Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre belongs to the family of Mahogany, which is an extremely high-value wood material. Some other low-cost wood species are often posed as D. cochinchinensis Pierre in the market and hurts consum- ers＇ benefits. In order to distinguish the identification of D. cochinchinensis Pierre from its posing species, the macro- scopic structure and microscopic structure of the wood were analyzed and compared comprehensively by means of wood a- natomy and microphotography. The results of the research showed that the wood color of D. cochinchinensis Pierre is much darker than that of other wood species and the wood color of the new-cut surface presents purple or dark reddish brown. D. cochinchinensis Pierre often has black stripes, and the black stipes are thicker than other wood species. In addition, D. coehinchinensis Pierre has a smell of sour-acid, while the other species have a weak smell or smell-less. The axial pa- renchyma of D. cochinchinensis Pierre looks like ribbon and poly, and crossed with ray locally for grid, relatively more uniseriate wood rays. The muhiseriate wood ray has a width of 2-3 cells and a height of 6-14 cells, which have obvious difference with other wood species. Furthermore, D. cochinchinensis Pierre can be identified from its similar wood species by the macrostructure features such as wood color, wood texture and wood smell, as well as the microstructure features such as the axial parenchyma type and the wood rays.