对环境侵权中的免责事由—不可抗力的反思

Force Majeure—the Excuse for Immunity from Liability in Environmental Tort

环境侵权责任因其特殊的无过错归责原则和因果关系的认定,"不可抗力"一直以来都是环境侵权的免责事由。但是,随着现代工业社会的发展和高新科技的广泛性运用,"不可抗力"是否应该作为免责事由引起学术界的争论。从全球环境伦理的价值背景看,重新审视和考量这一法律制度,不可抗力作为环境侵权中的免责事由是不适宜的。本文结合对"不可抗力"这一免责事由相关问题进行探讨,进而为其制度的完善提出建议。

Due to the special principle of ＂no-fault liability＂ in environment tort, ＂force majeure＂ has always been an excuse for immunity from liability in environmental infringement. However, with the development of modern industrial society, and the extensive use of high-technology, ＂Force Majeure＂ caused academic debate as whether it is appropriate to be used to plead for immunity from liability. This paper discusses the related issues of ＂force majeure＂ in immunity from liability, and provides some suggestions to improve the system.