喷洒叶面肥对烤烟生长发育及产质量的影响

Influence of Foliar Fertilizer-spraying on Growth and Development of Flue-cured Tobacco Yield and Quality

[目的]进一步改善烟叶内在品质,提高烟叶种植经济效益。[方法]以烤烟品种"K326"为试验材料,通过苗期和大田试验,研究不同浓度叶面肥对烤烟生长发育及产质量的影响。[结果]在苗期喷洒叶面肥可促进烟苗的生长发育和物质的积累,利于壮苗的培育,以喷洒叶面肥浓度为0.3%的处理效果最佳;在大田生育期喷洒叶面肥可促进烟株的干物质合成;喷洒不同浓度水平叶面肥均可提高烤烟的产量和产值,以喷洒叶面肥浓度为0.2%的处理效果最佳,不仅可大幅提高烤烟产量和产值,还可提高烤烟均价及中、上等烟比例;喷洒叶面肥对各部位烟叶内在化学成分有明显影响;综合分析上部位、中部位、下部位烟叶的评吸结果,以喷洒叶面肥浓度为0.2%的处理效果最佳。[结论]烤烟苗期喷洒叶面肥以0.3%浓度水平为宜,大田期以0.2%浓度水平为宜。

Objective] The quality of tobacco leaf through the application of foliar fertilizer would be improved in order to improve its economic benefit.[Method] The effect of the different concentrations of foliar fertilizer sprayed in the stage of tobacco variety K326 seedling and field on its growth and development, yield and quality was investigated.[Results] The results showed that in the seedling stage, the material accumula-tion of tobacco plant that was sprayed with foliar fertilizer was higher than CK , which was beneficial to strong seedling formation.And the effect of the concentrations of 0.3% foliar fertilizer was best.In the growth stage, the material accumulation of the tobacco plant sprayed with foliar fer-tilizer was significant higher than CK, and all concentrations of foliar fertilizer promoted the yield and production value of tobacco and the effect was from the concentrations of 0.2% foliar fertilizer, which both increased its yield and production value and raised the ratio of middle and top level tobacco leaf.The foliar fertilizer-spraying greatly affected the chemical composition in different position of leaf growth and the concentrations of 0.2% foliar fertilizer could promoted the quality of tobacco leaf based on the integrated evaluation of smoking testing of top, middle and low position leaves.[Conclusion] In general, it was more appropriate to spray the foliar fertilizer with the concentration of 0.3% in flue-cured tobac-co seedling stage and 0.2%, in field stage.