乙烯利处理对2种贮藏方式下‘红肖梨’果实品质的影响

The influence of ethephon treatment on two kinds of storage mode 'Hong Xiao' pear fruit quality

【目的】通过不同采后处理以提升‘红肖梨’采后品质,进一步调节‘红肖梨’后熟期,减少贮藏时间。【方法】以古窖和冷库贮藏时间不同的‘红肖梨’果实为材料,对其进行乙烯利处理后测定果实品质。【结果】随着时间增加,冷库贮藏的果实Vc含量和酸含量高于窖藏对照,果实石细胞数目及直径大于窖藏对照的果实,可溶性固形物高于窖藏对照;经过乙烯利处理后,两种储藏方式下果实的硬度、Vc含量、酸含量、石细胞数目及直径下降,可溶性固形物、出汁率和总糖含量均上升。乙烯利处理加速了果实后熟过程,2种储藏方式对降低石细胞数目和直径均有明显效果;传统窖藏方式下酸含量比冷库储藏低且在窖藏30d时乙烯利处理果实酸含量最低。【结论】传统窖藏的果实经500mg/L乙烯利处理10d后,采后品质有效提高,后熟期缩短,贮藏时间可缩短至30d。而冷库贮藏可延长果实后熟期至150d左右。在贮藏60d时经2 000mg/L乙烯利处理10d即可上市。根据市场需求,不同储藏方式的‘红肖梨’可结合乙烯利处理,来调节其上市时间。

[Objective] The storage time was reduced and the postharvest quality was promoted, by adjusted the ＂Red Xiao＂ pear ripening period with two different postharvest processing techniques. [Methods]＇The indexes of fruit quality of ＇Hong Xiao＇ pears stored in traditional storage or in cold storage were measured after the ethephon treatment. [Results]With the extension of time, the Vc content, acid content and soluble solids of fruits in the cold storagewere higher than traditional storage. The cells number and the diameter of stone fruit in the cold storage were also greater than traditional storage. After ethylene treat- ment, the hardness, Vc content, acid content, number of stone cells and diameter of fruits were decreased in two storage methods, while the soluble solids, the juice yield and total sugar content were increased. Ethephon accelerated the fruit ripe- ning process, and the two storage methods have obvious effect on reducing the number and diameter of stone cells. The fruit acid contents in traditional storage were lower than those in cold storage, and the acid content is lowest after ethephon treatment for 30 days. [Conclusion]The postharvest fruit quality was effectively improved and the later ripening period was shortened to 30 days after 500 mg/L of ethephon treatment for 10 days in traditional storage. While the cold storage can extended the fruit ripening period after postharvest to about 150 days, and the fruit quality after storage 60 days can reach market requirement with 2 000 mg / L ethephon treatment for 10 days. According to the market demand, the ＂red Xiao＂ pears in different storage modes can be treated by Ethephon to adjust the time to market.