干旱区艾比湖流域典型区域景观格局脆弱性时空格局变化研究

Evaluation of the Landscape Patterns Vulnerability and Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Patterns in the Typical Region of the Ebinur Lake

以新疆艾比湖流域典型区域为研究区,利用1998、2011和2013年3个时期的TM/OLI遥感影像为数据源,通过计算相关景观指数,构建景观脆弱度指数,并把研究区划分为低、较低、中、较高、高脆弱区5个脆弱度等级。使用地统计学和空间自相关模型分析的方法对研究区景观脆弱度的空间分布特征、变异规律以及空间关联格局进行分析。结果表明:11998-2013年,研究区的主要景观类型是未利用地和耕地,其主要特征为耕地景观面积显著增加,其他景观面积减少;2在研究期间内,研究区的景观脆弱度呈显著下降趋势,并且其等级的空间变化较为显著;3尝试使用桑基图来表达脆弱度等级之间的相互转换,结果可知脆弱度等级之间转换频繁,且转换速率均较高;41998-2013年,研究区景观格局Moran’s I表现为一定程度的正相关,且相关程度呈上升的趋势;景观脆弱度局部空间自相关和显著性水平发生了明显的变化。正确客观地认识和评价艾比湖区域的生态环境,有利于实现自然环境的保护,为人类的可持续发展服务。

Taking the typical region in the Ebinur Lake Basin as the study area,using 1998,2011 and 20133 period TM / OLI sensing image as data source,by calculating the landscape index,constructing landscape vulnerability index and the study area is divided into low,low,high,high vulnerability areas five vulnerability level. The spatial distribution characteristics,variation pattern and spatial association pattern of landscape vulnerability in study area were analyzed by using the method of geo statistics and spatial autocorrelation model. The results showed that： 1998- 2013,the main types of landscape in the study area are the unused land and the cultivated land. The main feature is the significant increase in the area of cultivated land,and the other landscape area is reduced. During the study period,the landscape vulnerability of the study area showed a significant downward trend,and the spatial variation of the grade of the study area was significant. The results show that the transition between vulnerability level is frequent and the conversion rate is relatively high. Fourthly,1998- 2013,landscape pattern in the study area Moran ＇s I is a certain degree of positive correlation,and is closely related to the extent of a rising trend; fragile landscape of local spatial autocorrelation and significant level occurred obvious change. Correct and objective understanding and evaluation of AI Lake region＇s ecological environment,conducive to the realization of the protection of the natural environment for the sustainable development of human.