摘要
汶川地震、集集地震和土耳其地震中发震断层10km范围内的梁桥和拱桥破坏严重,本文统计了因直接震害导致损毁或严重破坏的桥梁共51座,其中直接跨越发震断层的10座桥梁中有9座因落梁而丧失通行能力。这些近断层或跨断层桥梁的主要震害表现为全桥垮塌,落梁或主梁严重移位,墩柱压溃、剪断、倾斜,支座滑脱失效,主拱、横撑、拱座开裂等严重破坏。初步分析揭示造成震害的主要原因为断层地表位错、强地震动、碰撞、基础失效、桥台破坏对主梁纵向约束不足、滑动支座对弯扭效应约束不足。
Most girder and arch bridges near fault in lOkm were damaged in Wenchuan, Chichi and Turkey earthquakes. A statistical analysis of 51 bridges which were severely damaged and even collapsed caused by direct damages is described in this paper. The main damages include collapse, girder displacement or falling, pier inclination or crushing, or failure by shear force, bearing moved out, arch ribs and abutment cracking. Preliminary damage mechanisms are fault dislocation, strong ground motion, pounding effect, foundation failure, insufficient constraint of damage abutment for girder displacement, insufficient constraint of the sliding bearings for curved bridge.
出处
《防灾科技学院学报》
2016年第2期41-53,共13页
Journal of Institute of Disaster Prevention
基金
国家自然科学基金(51208107
51308118)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(ZY20120103)
关键词
近断层桥梁
跨断层桥梁
落梁
汶川地震
集集地震
土耳其地震
near-fault bridge
across-fault bridge
girder falling
fault dislocation
Wenchuan earthquake
Chichi earthquake
Turkey earthquake
