摘要
采用真空热压法制备了2024Al/Gr/SiC复合材料,其中SiC颗粒和鳞片状石墨(Gr)的体积分数分别为5%~10%和3%~6%。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、硬度和拉伸性能测试研究SiC颗粒和石墨对分别经160、175和190°C时效处理后复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:加入SiC颗粒和石墨能明显加速第二相时效析出,但SiC颗粒对时效行为的影响比石墨大。复合材料的拉伸强度和伸长率随着SiC颗粒和石墨含量的增加而降低,石墨对伸长率的影响比SiC颗粒更大。2024Al/3Gr/10SiC复合材料在165°C时效8 h时的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为387 MPa,280.3 MPa和5.7%。2024Al/Gr/SiC复合材料的断裂机制为基体韧性断裂和复合相颗粒与基体间撕裂断裂。
The 2024Al/Gr/SiC hybrid composite plates with 5%-10% SiC particles （volume fraction） and 3%-6% flaky graphite （Gr） （volume fraction） were fabricated by vacuum hot pressing and hot extrusion processing. The effects of SiC and Gr on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the composites aged at 160, 175 and 190℃ were studied by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and hardness and tensile tests. The results indicate that the SiC particles have a more obvious effect on accelerating the aging response as compared with the Gr. Both the tensile strength and elongation are reduced by the Gr and SiC particles added into the matrix, while the Gr has a more negative influence on the elongation than the SiC particles. The tensile strength （ab）, yield stress （as） and elongation （δ） of the 2024Al/3Gr/10SiC composite aged at 165℃ for 8 h are 387 MPa, 280.3 MPa and 5.7%, respectively. The hybrid composites are characterized by ductile fracture, which is associated with the ductile fracture of the matrix and the tearing of the interface between the matrix and the particles.
