益生菌兼或益生元对牛肠道菌群调节作用研究进展

Progress on Effect of Probiotics/Prebiotics on Regulation of Gastrointestinal Bacteria Flora of Cows

益生菌/益生元具有调节胃肠(GI)菌群平衡及活动的能力,能够显著地影响家畜肠道内菌群的结构和活动,使有益菌(主要是乳酸菌)占有生态位,成为优势菌群,抑制霉菌生长和霉菌毒素的产生。饲喂益生菌后,牛肠道中的菌群呈现多样性,群落的复杂程度增高,牛肠道菌群的微生态稳定性增强。低聚麦芽糖、低聚半乳糖等益生元则能不同程度的被有益菌分解利用,作为有益菌的生长促进剂,发挥其益生作用。目前,益生菌/益生元已被广泛应用于食品、医药保健和饲料等各个领域。随着对其深入的了解和成熟的市场或产业化发展,益生菌/益生元的应用前景很好。

Probiotics/prebioties have the ability to regulate gastrointestinal （GI） microflora balance and ac- tivity.They can significantly affect the structure and activities within the intestinal flora of livestock.The beneficial bacteria （mainly lactic acid bacteria） can occupy the niche, become the dominant bacteria, and can inhibit the growth of molds and their production of mycotoxin.After feeding probiotie bacteria, bovine in- testinal flora diversity are increased, the community of the bacteria in the gastrointestinal become more complexity,and the stability of bovine intestinal flora was enhanced.As the bacteria growth promoting a- gents, maltose oligosaecharides, galactooligosacebarides and other prebiotics are able to be used at different levels by the beneficial bacteria.Currently probiotics/prebiotics have been widely used in various fields such as food, medical care and feed. With its in-depth understanding and mature market or industrial development,the era of the probiotics/prebiotics will come.