不同枣树品种光合特性日变化测定与分析

Diurnal Variations of Photosynthetic Characteristics of Different Jujube Varieties

采用美国生产的LI-6400便携式光和测定仪,以8个不同品种枣树为研究对象,对枣树叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)等光合指标进行测定和比较分析。结果表明,各枣树品种净光合速率日变化均呈"双峰"曲线,净光合速率日均值表现为:赞皇大枣>扁核酸>圆脆>晋枣>鸡心>灰枣>板枣>金丝小枣,在2个峰值时间段之间有明显的光合"午休"现象;蒸腾速率日均值表现为:赞皇大枣>扁核酸>晋枣>圆脆>鸡心枣>灰枣>板枣>金丝小枣;水分利用效率日均值表现为:圆脆>扁核酸>灰枣>金丝小枣>鸡心枣>板枣>赞皇大枣>晋枣;各枣树品种的胞间CO2浓度1 d中出现的最小值各有所不同,但最大值均出现在清早。结论:通过对各枣树品种聚类分析得知,板枣、金丝小枣属于低P_n、低T_r、低WUE品种;扁核酸、赞皇大枣、晋枣属于高P_n、高T_r、低WUE枣树品种;而鸡心、圆脆、灰枣则属于低P_n、高WUE、低T_r枣树品种,更适宜在环塔里木干旱缺水的环境下种植。

The U. S. A production of Li-6400 portable plant light and measuring instrument,with eight different varieties of jujube tree as the research object,the jujube leaf net photosynthetic rate（ Pn）,stomatal（ Cond）,transpiration rate（ Tr）,intercellular CO_2 concentration（ Ci） etc. photosynthetic indexes were determined and com PARed. The results showed that： The change of net photosynthetic rate of jujube varieties showed two peak curve,the net photosynthetic rate of daily average performance： ‘Zanhuangdazao＇‘Bianhesuan＇‘Yuancui＇ ‘Jinzao＇‘ Jixin＇‘ Huizao＇‘ Banzao＇ ‘Jinsixiaozao＇,between the two peak period had obvious photosynthetic ＂ midday depressions＂ phenomenon; transpiration rate of average performance was： ‘Zanhuangdazao＇ ‘Bianhesuan＇ ‘Jinzao＇‘Yuancui＇‘Jixin＇‘ Huizao＇‘Banzao＇ ‘Jinsixiaozao＇; water use efficiency on average performance is‘Yuancui＇‘Bianhesuan＇‘Huizao＇‘Jinsixiaozao＇‘Jixin＇‘Banzao＇‘Zanhuangdazao＇‘Jinzao＇; The minimum values of CO_2 concentration in each date were different,but the maximum values appeared in the early morning. Through the analysis of all varieties of jujube tree clustering that,‘Banzao＇and‘Jinsixiaozao＇belong to the low P_n,Trand low WUE varieties; ‘Zanhuangdazao＇,‘Bianhesuan＇and‘Jinzao＇belong to high P_n,T_r and low WUE jujube cultivars; ‘Jixin＇,‘Yuancui＇and‘Huizao ＇belong to the low P_n,high WUE and low T_r jujube cultivars,more suitable for cultivation under the environment of drought and water shortage around oasis in Tarim Basin.