不同栽培介质及EC值对温室草莓生长的影响

Effects of different growing media and EC for greenhouse grown strawberries

[目的]探讨不同栽培介质及施肥量对草莓生长的影响。[方法]以"红颜"草莓为试材,研究了在日光温室草莓生产自动灌溉施肥时,传统的土壤栽培和土壤+基质栽培模式下,EC值分别为1.1 mS·cm^(-1)、1.3 mS·cm^(-1)、1.5mS·cm^(-1)、1.7mS·cm^(-1)和1.9mS·cm^(-1)时草莓植株的生长、产量和品质的差异,找出适宜的栽培模式下自动灌溉施肥控制的EC值。[结果]试验结果表明,在本试验区土壤栽培下草莓植株的长势优于土壤+基质栽培;在单果重方面各处理没有显著差异,但是单株产量差异显著;在果实品质方面,各处理下果实的硬度和果形指数没有差异,但VC含量,可溶性糖含量以及糖酸比差异显著。[结论]在本试验区,传统的土壤栽培较土壤+基质栽培更有利于促进植株的生长,在土壤栽培下EC值为1.1mS·cm^(-1)时,有利于增加草莓的产量和改善草莓的品质。

[Objective]In order to study the effects of different growing media and fertilizer on the growth of strawberry,[Methods]we used the＂Roots＂strawberry as test materials,and studied the effect of strawberries＇ growth,yield and quality in different cultivations which were in soil cultivation and soil matrix cultivation when EC values were 1.1mS·cm^（-1）,1.3mS·cm^（-1）,1.5mS·cm^（-1）,1.7mS·cm^（-1） and 1.9mS·cm^（-1） in automatic irrigation and fertilization system,in order to find the suitable cultivation and EC.[Results]The results showed that in this area the strawberry growing in soil cultivation is better than in soil matrix cultivation;There was no significant differences in fruit weight,but yield per plant were significantly different;In terms of fruit quality,there was no difference in hardness at each processing fruit and fruit shape index,but the VC,soluble sugar content and sugar-acid ratio were significantly different.[Conclusion]The soil cultivation could make strawberries better than soil matrix cultivation in this test area.And the EC was 1.1mS·cm^（-1） in soil cultivation could increase strawberries yield and make the quality better.