日粮添加碳酸氢钠对荷斯坦奶牛生产性能的影响

Effects of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on the performance of Holstein dairycows

选择体重、胎次、泌乳期、乳脂率和产奶量基本一致的健康无病的中国荷斯坦奶牛30头,随机分成3组,分别为试验组Ⅰ,Ⅱ和对照组。试验组Ⅰ,Ⅱ奶牛日粮每日每头分别添加130、150g碳酸氢钠,对照组奶牛日粮每日每头分别添加110g碳酸氢钠,试验期28d。结果表明,试验组Ⅰ干物质采食量、粪便pH比对照组高1.41%、0.20(P<0.05),非脂乳固体比对照组低0.4(P<0.05);试验组Ⅱ干物质采食量、产奶量、4%标准乳、粪便pH分别比对照组高2.04%、2.01%、2.68%、0.42(P<0.05),乳脂率高0.13%(P<0.05),乳蛋白、非乳脂固体分别低0.36%、0.51%(P<0.05)。另外,碳酸氢钠的增加使得牛乳中体细胞数显著降低,且与乳脂肪呈显著负相关(P<0.05),而与乳蛋白质呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。由此可知,在每头奶牛日粮中添加150g碳酸氢钠的范围内,随着日粮中碳酸氢钠的增加,能显著改善荷斯坦奶牛的生产性能,有效预防奶牛瘤胃酸中毒。

In order to investigate the effects of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on the performance of Holstein dairy cows,30 lactating Chinese Holstein dairy cows with similar body weight,parity,lactation period,milk fat and milk yield were selected and randomly divided into 2treatment groups（groupⅠandⅡ）and 1control group.130 g,150g and 110 g sodium bicarbonate was added respectively in the ration of groupⅠ,groupⅡand control group per day each cow foe 28 days.The results showed that dry matter intake（DMI）and fecal pH value of group Ⅰincreased by 1.41%（P〈0.05）and 0.20（P〈0.05）than control group respectively.Non-fat solid matter percentage decreased by 0.40%（P〈0.05）.DMI,milk yield,4%fat corrected milk yield and fecal pH value of group Ⅱincreased by2.04%（P〈0.05）,2.01%（P〈0.05）,2.68%（P〈0.05）,0.42（P〈0.05）than control group.The milk fat percentage increased by 0.13%（P〈0.05）,the milk protein percentage and non-fat solid matter percentage decreased by 0.36%（P〈0.05）.In addition,the increase of the sodium bicarbonate caused significant reduction of somatic cell count in milk（P〈0.05）,and the milk fat percentage was significantly negative correlation（P〈0.05）,and the milk protein percentage was significantly positive correlation（P〈0.05）respectively.Within the range of 150 g sodium bicarbonate in ration,the performance of Holstein dairy cows could be significantly improved.