水中分娩对母婴感染的影响

Effects of water birth on maternal and infant infection

目的探讨水中分娩对母婴感染的影响。方法选取行水中分娩的产妇160例,随机抽取同期160例传统经阴道分娩者（传统分娩组）作为对照。两组新生儿娩出后取咽及耳拭子作病原微生物培养,并于出生后2 d抽血查血常规和C反应蛋白（CRP）;两组产妇于分娩2 d后抽血查血常规、CRP和降钙素原（PCT）;并观察母婴感染相关的临床表现。结果两组母婴感染临床表现比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。传统分娩组产妇WBC为（9.65±3.16）×109,CRP为（37.32±10.13）mg/L,PCT为（0.06±0.05）ng/ml,而水中分娩组产妇WBC为（9.31±3.25）×109,CRP为（35.57±9.54）mg/L,PCT为（0.06±0.03）ng/ml,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。传统分娩组新生儿WBC为（11.48±3.54）×109,CRP为（6.42±1.74）mg/L,而水中分娩组新生儿WBC为（11.39±2.50）×109、CRP为（6.68±1.52）mg/L,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。水中分娩组咽拭子阳性18例,耳拭子阳性27例;传统分娩组咽拭子23份阳性,耳拭子32份阳性,两组咽耳拭子病原微生物培养阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论水中分娩并未增加母婴感染。

Objective To investigate the effects of water birth on maternal and infant infection. Methods One hundred and sixty pregnant women who delivered underwater were enrolled in the water birth group and 160 pregnant women who delivered vaginally during the same time were enrolled as control group. Their infants were taken throat and ear swabs for pathogenic microorganism culture, and checking the blood routine and CRP.The blood routine, CRP and PCT were compared between the two groups. And observe the clinical manifestations of maternal and infant infection. Results There were no significant difference in the clinical manifestations of maternal and infant infection between two groups. The WBC, CRP and PCT of the mothers of water birth group were（9.31 ±3.25） ×109,（35.57±9.54） mg / L and（0.06±0.03）ng / ml, respectively, and were（9.65±3.16）×109,（37.32±10.13） mg / L and（0.06±0.05） ng / ml, respectively, in the control group. The WBC and CRP of the infant of water birth group were（11.39 ±2.50） ×109 and（6.68 ±1.52） mg / L,respectively, and were（11.48 ±3.54） ×109 and（6.42 ±1.74） mg / L, respectively, in the control group. There were no significant differences in WBC, CRP and PCT between two groups. There were 18 positive cases and 27 positive cases in throat and ear swabs for pathogenic microorganism culture in water birth group. In contrast, there were 23 positive cases and 32 positive cases in throat and ear swabs for pathogenic microorganism culture in control. There were no significant differences in the positive rates of pathogenic microorganism culturein throat and ear swabsbetween two groups（P〉0.05）.Conclusion Water birth did not increase the maternal and infant infections.