1Hilary Steedman. Aprrenticeship in Europe 'Fading' or Flourishing[R].CEP Discussion Paper No 710,20()5.
2Samuel Muehlemann. Stef:an C Wolter.lKeturn on investment of apprenticeship sys- tems for enterprise: Evidence from cost-benefit anal- yses[J].IZA Journal of Labor Policy,2014(1).
3BMBF. Germany' s Vocational Education at a Glance(slide presentation)[R].Berlin: Federal Min- istry of Education and Research(BMBF),2009:42-47.
4Hilary Steedman. Aprrenticeship in Europe 'Fading' or Flourishing?[FZ].CEP Discussion Paper No 710,2005.
5Gambin L, Hasluck C, Hogarth T(2010) Recouping the costs of apprenticeship training: em- ployer case study evidence from training finns[J?]. Empir Res Vocat Educ Train 2(2):127-146.
6Backes-Gellner U, Tuor SN(2010).Avoid- ing labor shortages by employer signaling- on the importance of good work climate and labor relations [?]. Ind Labor Relat Rev 63(2):271-286.