香蕉假茎精油成分的GC-MS分析

Analysis of Chemical Components of Essential Oil from Fresh and Dried Banana Pseudostems by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

采用CO_2超临界萃取法和GC-MS技术,对香蕉假茎精油的化学成分进行了鉴定,并用峰面积归一化法确定了各成分的相对百分含量。结果表明:在鲜、干香蕉假茎精油中分别检测到13种和20种成分,其中二十烷、棕榈酸甲酯、三十四烷、3-乙基-5-(2-乙基丁基)-十八烷、豆甾醇和3-羟基螺甾-8-烯-11-酮为相同成分,但含量不同。香蕉鲜假茎精油成分以烷烃类为主,其次为酮类、酯类和醇类;干假茎精油也以烷烃类为主,其次为酯类、酮类和醇类,另外,还含有少量的烷酸、烯烃类、醚类、醛类和杂环类化合物。

Essential oils were extracted from both fresh and dried banana pseudostems by supercritical CO_2 fluid extraction technology,and their composition and relative contents were quantitatively determined by GC-MS with peak areas normalization method. The essential oils of the fresh and dried banana pseudostems were detected to contain 13 and 20 compounds,respectively,and shared only six compounds,ie. eicosane,methyl palmitate,tetratriacontane,3-ethyl-5-（ 2-ethylbutyl）-octadecane,stigmasterol and 3-hydroxyspirost-8-en-11-one but with different concentrations. Alkanes were the main compounds detected in the fresh banana pseudostem essential oil,followed by ketone,esters and alcohols. For the dried banana pseudostem essential oil alkanes were also the main compounds,followed by esters,alcohols and ketones. In addition,dried banana pseudostem essential oil also contained very little amount of decanoic acids,olefines,ethers,aldehydes and heterocyclic compounds,which were absent in the fresh banana pseudostem essential oil.