四川达县烟区生态条件与烤烟质量分析

Ecological Conditions and Tobacco Quality in Daxian Flue-cured Tobacco-growing Areas

为明确四川省达县烟区生态条件和烤烟质量特点,分析研究了达县烟区的基本自然条件、气候因素、植烟土壤养分状况和烤烟的理化指标、评吸质量。结果表明:该烟区生态优越,具有气候温和、降雨充沛、光照充足、热量丰富、无霜期长等特点;地貌主要为山地、丘陵等,土壤主要为紫色土、水稻土等;土壤多呈微酸性,有机质含量适中,氯离子含量低,多数养分含量适宜或丰富,但区域间肥力差异较大,土壤氮、磷、钾含量偏低,锌和硼缺乏;达县主要生态指标均达到了烟草适宜类型的环境条件。达县烤烟以橘黄为主,叶片结构疏松,厚薄适中,外观品质较好,化学成分含量较适宜,比例协调,香型风格为中间香型,配伍性强,工业可用性强,感官质量较好。表明达县生态条件适宜于种植烟草。

In order to study the ecological conditions and quality of flue-cured tobacco in Daxian tobaccogrowing areas in Sichuan Province, the climate factors, tobacco-plant soil nutrient status and the quality characteristics of flue-cured tobacco leaves were analyzed. Results showed that： the climate of Daxian tobaccogrowing areas was humid subtropical monsoon, which had high temperature, sufficient precipitation and air humidity. The soil nutrient status was suitable for tobacco growing, the areas had medium organic matter content, rich or appropriate content of most nutrients, but low content of phosphorus and potassium, and insufficient zinc and boron. The physical characteristics and chemical compositions of flue-cured tobacco in these areas were good, and the sensory quality for smoking was well. The study indicated that the ecological conditions in Daxian were suitable for tobacco growing.