上杭县生猪养殖污染治理规划研究

Pollution Control Planning for Swine Production in Shanghang County

为了加快推进上杭县生猪养殖面源污染的综合整治工作,为生猪污染防治规划的制定提供依据,在深入上杭县实地调查的基础上,分析了上杭县规模化生猪养殖业的发展现状以及污染情况。结果表明该地存在养殖布局不合理,体制机制不完善;养殖总量大,环境容量小;污染治理技术单一,处理水平低下;环保意识薄弱,污染治理设施形同虚设等问题。提出通过规模化养猪场改造升级来有效解决污染问题,具体措施为:(1)将水冲式地板升级为漏缝(半漏缝)地板;(2)强化前处理设施,提高固体废弃物的收集率;(3)适度配套建设有机肥厂,实现固体废弃物标准化利用;(4)强化病死猪无害化处理设施建设,防止疫病蔓延。经过措施实施,污染物总量排放将减少,环境风险得到控制,流域水环境得到改善。

In order to accelerate the comprehensive management of non-point source pollution of swine production in Shanghang County, and provide a reference for the control planning of swine pollution, based on a field investigation, the development and pollution situation of large-scale swine production industry in Shanghang County were analyzed. The results indicated that there were a number of problems including unreasonable breeding layout, incomplete system and mechanism, large number of total swine and small environmental capacity, simple pollution treatment technology and low treatment level, weak environmental awareness, useless pollution treatment facilities and so on. Thus, to effectively solve the pollution problems, the farms should be transformed and upgraded with the following specific measures： （1） upgrading water-flush floor to slatted （half-slatted） lloor; （2） improving pre-treatment facilities and the collection rate of solid waste; （3） constructing organic fertilizer plants and realizing the standardized utilization of solid waste; （4） strengthening the construction of facilities for the innocent treatment of sick and dead pigs and prevent the spread of epidemic diseases. These measures will significantly reduce the total discharge of pollutants and the environmental risks, and improve the watershed environment.