云南呈贡地区汉族舌运动类型的遗传学研究

Genetics Studies of Tongue Moving Types in Yunnan Chenggong

采用随机抽样方法对云南呈贡地区呈贡一中350例汉族学生(男性147例,女性203例)进行卷舌、叠舌、翻舌、尖舌和三叶舌类型的调查,将调查数据使用Excel 2003和SPSS 13.0软件进行处理,采用u检验和χ2检验的方法分别进行性别间和族群间的差异性检验.结果表明,(1)云南呈贡汉族卷舌率为60.9%,叠舌率为4.0%,翻舌率为29.1%,尖舌率为56.6%,三叶舌率为4.0%.(2)卷舌、叠舌、翻舌、三叶舌出现率性别间的差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),尖舌出现率性别间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).(3)云南汉族与我国其他12个族群相比,云南呈贡汉族翻舌率偏高,叠舌率、尖舌率中等,卷舌率、三叶舌率偏低.(4)云南汉族5项舌运动类型之间不存在基因互作关系.(5)聚类分析结果表明,云南汉族与湖南汉族、四川汉族、山东汉族、江西汉族较为接近,而与少数民族差异较大.

A random sampling method is used to select 350 students of Han nationality （ 147 males and 203 females） from Chenggong No.1 middle school in Yunnan Chenggong District to conduct a study on 5 tongue moving types including rolling, folding, twisting, pointed and clover-leaf tongues. The survey data processing by Excel 2003 and SPSS 13.0 software, adopt the method of u test and chi-square test, for differences inspection between gender and ethnic.The results showed that, （1）Among Han nationality in Yunnan Chenggong District, the frequencies of rolling, folding, pointed and clover-leaf tongues are respectively 60.9%, 4.0%, 29.1%, 56.6% and 4.0%. （2）Among the 5 tongue moving types, the sexual differences among the frequencies of rolling, folding, twisting and clover-leaf tongues have no statistical signifi- cance （P〉0.05）, while the sexual differences between the frequencies of pointed tongues have statistical significance （P〈0.01）. （3）Compared with other 12 nationalities in our country, the Han nationality in Yunnan Chenggong District has a higher frequency of twisting tongues, a lower-middle frequency of folding and pointed tongue, a lower frequency of rolling and clover-leaf tongues. （4）There is no gene interactions between the 5 tongue moving types of Han nationality in Yunnan. （5）The cluster analysis indicates that Han nationality in Yunnan is similar to Han population in Sichuan, Shandong, Jiangxi and Hunan province, and have big differences with ethnic minorities.