近现代沉积物中分子生物标志物对生态环境演变的记录

Modern Ecological Evolution Recorded in Biomarkers from Lacustrine Sediments

近年来,生物标志物技术是全球变化研究中最热门的研究手段之一.本文以水体沉积物为研究载体,总结了正构烷烃、脂肪酸及碳同位素技术在生态环境演变研究中的应用,着重叙述了在有机质输入源的识别、植被类型的重建以及古气候的反演等方面的研究动态.以滇池以南小流域为研究靶区开展应用研究,结果表明生物标志物技术可以进行退化小流域百年尺度的生态环境演变研究.沉积物中生物标志物的研究丰富了生态环境演变预测研究.

Hydrocarbon biomarkers have been one of the most popular measures for global change in recent years. N-alkanes, fatty acid and stable carbon isotope compositions from the sediments could provide the continuous and high-resolution information about sources of organic matter, reconstruction of past vegetation, variability of historical climate and influence of human activities on local ecosystems. Sediments from the south of Dianchi watershed are implicated for modern climate and vegetation variations by the distribution and compound-specific characteristic of aliphatic hydrocarbon biomarkers. It is concluded that the application hydrocarbon biomarkers of the sediment could be introduced in predicting the ecological environment change.