寿光市日照时数变化特征及其影响因子分析

Variation Characteristics of Sunshine Hours and Its Influencing Factors in Shouguang City

为了揭示寿光市日照时数的变化规律和特征,选用寿光市1960—2014年日照、风速、降水、总云量、相对湿度等气象资料,采用线性倾向估计、累积距平和信噪比等方法,对寿光市近55年的日照时数变化特征及其影响因子进行了统计分析。结果表明:寿光市年日照时数呈显著减少,气候倾向率为-66.15 h/10 a;其中夏季减少的趋势最显著,气候倾向率为-26.52 h/10 a,春季减少趋势最不明显;日照时数年代际变化呈"阶梯"状显著减少,气候倾向率为-71.68 h/10 a;1—12月日照时数的年变化均呈减少趋势,6月减少趋势最为明显,倾向率为-10.65 h/10 a。寿光市四季和年日照时数在随时间的变化过程中均不存在显著突变。年日照时数与年降水量、降水日数、总云量、水汽压呈负相关,与平均风速、相对湿度和雾日数呈正相关。寿光市日照时数与各气象因子的关联程度随季节不同而异,平均风速和总云量成为影响寿光市年、四季日照时数显著减小的重要气象因子。

Meteorological data in Shouguang from 1960 to 2014, including sunshine, wind speed, precipitation,total cloud cover, relative humidity etc., were selected in order to reveal the variation rules and characteristicsof sunshine hours in Shouguang. Linear trend estimation, cumulative departure, signal-to-noise ratio and othermethods were adopted for statistically analyzing variation characteristics of sunshine hours and its influencingfactors of Shouguang in recent 55 years. Results showed that the annual sunshine hours of Shouguangdecreased significantly, the climate tendency rate was-66.15 h/10 a; wherein the reduction trend in summerwas the most significant with a climate tendency rate as-26.52 h/10 a, and the reduction trend in spring wasnot obvious. The decadal change of sunshine hours decreased significantly in a‘ladder＇shape, and theclimate tendency rate was-71.68 h/10 a. The annual sunshine hours from January to December all presented areducing tendency, the reduction in June was the most obvious, the tendency rate was- 10.65 h/10 a. Theseasonal and annual sunshine hours in Shouguang did not have significant mutations with time change. Theannual sunshine hours had a negative correlation with the annual precipitation, precipitation duration, totalcloud cover and vapor pressure, and a positive correlation with the average wind speed, relative humidity andfog days. The correlation between sunshine hours and various meteorological factors varied from season toseason. The average wind speed and total cloud cover were important meteorological factors affecting thesignificant reduction of annual and seasonal sunshine hours in Shouguang.