西北旱区膜下滴灌的水氮管理及种植密度对制种玉米生长的影响

Influence of Water and Nitrogen Management and Planting Density on Seed Maize Growth Under Drip Irrigation with Mulch in Arid Region of Northwest China

为了确定西北旱区膜下滴灌条件下灌水下限(W)、纯氮施用量(N)和种植密度(D)对制种玉米产量等指标的影响次序及各因素水平的最佳搭配,在甘肃省中国农业大学石羊河实验站设置了三因素三水平的大田正交试验。结果表明:(1)灌水下限、纯氮施用量和种植密度对制种玉米的产量、穗粒数和千粒重的交互作用不明显;(2)在种植密度85500~120000株/hm^2范围内,制种玉米产量和穗粒数影响因素次序均为W>D>N(主→次),千粒重影响因素次序D>N>W(主→次)。宽行70 cm,窄行40 cm膜下滴灌种植制种玉米的方式下,玉米种植最佳的因素水平为W2N2D2。

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of lower irrigation limits（W）, purenitrogen application rates（N） and planting densities（D） on seed maize yield and the three factors optimumcombination under mulch drip irrigation in Shiyanghe Experiment Station of China Agricultural University inGansu Province which was located in an arid region of Northwest China. The field orthogonal experiment hadthree factors, each factor included three levels. Results showed that：（1） the interaction effects of the threefactors on grain yield, grain number and 1000-grain weight were not obvious;（2） when the planting density waswithin 85500-120000 plants/hm^2, the effect sequence of different factors on the yield and grain number of seedmaize was： W〉D〉N（primary→secondary）, and that on 1000- grain weight was DNW（primary→secondary）. The best combination was W2N2D2 for seed maize planting under drip irrigation with mulch when the wide row spacing was 70 cm and the narrow row spacing was 40 cm.