妊娠期糖尿病孕妇巨大儿血脂及血糖水平变化的研究

Study on the change of blood lipid and blood glucose level in macrosomia born by women with gestational diabetes

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病孕妇巨大儿的血脂及血糖水平变化。方法选取2013年9月~2014年9月在本院确诊为妊娠期糖尿病孕妇分娩的42例巨大儿作为观察组,选取同期健康孕妇分娩的40例巨大儿作为对照组,选取健康孕妇分娩的40例健康足月体重正常（2.5~4.0 kg）新生儿作为健康组,测定孕妇及新生儿的空腹血糖、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）及载脂蛋白A（Apo A）、载脂蛋白B（Apo B）水平,统计观察组和对照组孕妇的孕前BMI值和孕期增重程度并进行统计学分析。结果观察组与健康组孕妇的LDL、HDL水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。观察组孕妇的空腹血糖及TG水平显著高于健康组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组与对照组孕妇的孕周比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。观察组孕妇的孕前BMI及孕期增重显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组与对照组新生儿的LDL、HDL水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。观察组新生儿的TG水平高于对照组,Apo A、Apo B及血糖水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组与健康组新生儿的LDL、HDL水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。观察组新生儿的TG水平高于健康组,Apo A、Apo B、血糖水平低于健康组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论妊娠期糖尿病孕妇巨大儿的血脂、血糖水平较高,提高了新生儿低血糖等并发症的发生概率。

Objective To explore the change of blood lipid and blood glucose level in macrosomia born by women with gestational diabetes.Methods 42 cases of macrosomia born by women diagnosed with gestational diabetes in our hospital from September 2013 to September 2014 were selected as the observation group.At the same time,another 40 cases of macrosomia born by healthy women were selected as the control group.40 full-term newborns who had normal weight（2.5-4.0 kg） and were born by healthy pregnant women were selected as the health group.The level of fasting blood glucose,triglyceride（TG）,low density lipoprotein（LDL）,high density lipoprotein（HDL）,apolipoprotein A（Apo A） and apolipoprotein B（Apo B） in pregnant women and newborns were determined.The BMI before pregnancy and degree of weight gain during pregnancy of pregnant women in the observation group and the control group were statistically analyzed.Results There was no statistical difference in the level of LDL and HDL between pregnant women in the observation group and the healthy group（P〉0.05）.The level of fasting blood glucose and TG of pregnant women in the observation group was higher than that in the healthy group,with significant difference（P〈0.05）.There was no statistical difference in gestational weeks between pregnant women in the observation group and the control group（P〉0.05）.The value of BMI before pregnancy and degree of weight gain during pregnancy of pregnant women in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,with significant difference（P〈0.05）.There were no statistical difference in LDL and HDL level between newborns in the observation group and in the control group（P〉0.05）.The level of TG of newborns in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,the level of Apo A,Apo B and blood glucose of newborns in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,with significant difference（P〈0.05）.There were no statistical difference in LDL and HDL level between newborns in the observation group and in the healthy group（P〉0.05）.The level of TG of newborns in the observation group was higher than that in the healthy group,the level of Apo A,Apo B and blood glucose of newborns in the observation group was lower than that in the healthy group,with significant difference（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The blood lipid and blood glucose level in macrosomia who are born by women with gestational diabetes are relatively higher,which increase the incidence rate of complication like low blood glucose in newborns.