少数民族地区农村基层医疗卫生服务供给状况研究——基于贵州省紫云县宗地乡村卫生室的调查

Study on Primary Health Service Supply Status in Rural Ethnic Minority Region——Based on Investigation of Village Clinics in County in Zongdi Township,Ziyun District, Guizhou Province

目的探究少数民族农村地区基层医疗卫生服务供给的薄弱点和关键点,为制定合理有效的解决方案提供依据。方法采用访谈与问卷相结合的方法,收集贵州省紫云县宗地乡22个行政村在基层医疗卫生服务资料。结果被调查地基层医疗卫生服务供给方面存在的问题:基础设施配备不足、基本服务项目落后、专业人员较为匮乏等。结论少数民族地区农村基层医疗卫生服务供给的公平性及效率均不足,建议加强基础设施投入、增加政府购买服务力度、提高预防性诊疗及门诊服务报销比例、制定科学的基层医务人员管理系统,以化解少数民族地区农村基层医疗卫生服务供给不足问题。

OBJECETIVE It aimed to explore vulnerabilities and key points of minority rural primary health service supply, provide reality basis for reasonable and effective solution. METHODS The data of primary health service supply in 22 village, Zongdi township, Ziyun District, Guizhou province was collected through interview and questionnaires. RESULTS Primary health service supply issues in the surveyed area included： insufficient infrastructure, the backward basic services, the lack of professionals, etc. CONCLUSION The equity and efficiency of health service supply were deficient. The solutions included strengthening the infrastructure construction, enhancing the purchases of primary health services, improving the reimbursement ratio in preventive treatment and outpatient service, formulating scientific and perfect management system of primary health workers so as to resolve the problem of insufficient primary medical service supply in rural areas of ethnic minority region.