社区2型糖尿病患者知识和行为现况及其影响因素分析

Analysis on the Prevalence and Factors Knowledge and Behavior of in Community Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

目的了解社区2型糖尿病患者相关知识和行为现况,分析其影响因素,为制定有针对性的非药物干预方案提供依据。方法采取整群抽样方法,将宁波市江北区慈城镇根据地理位置划分为5个片区,每个片区采用随机数字表法随机抽取"社区全科医生集成业务平台"中40例2型糖尿病患者为调查对象进行问卷调查。结果调查对象总体糖尿病相关知识水平不高,对成人身体活动指南、每天活动当量和"食物交换份"概念知晓率仅达8.5%、6.0%和23.5%;患者饮酒率为25.5%,吸烟率为14.0%,中等强度活动参与率达65.5%,饮食控制行为率为88.5%。知识得分及格与否跟是否与家庭医生签约相关,行为得分及格与否与文化程度、家庭收入和知识得分情况相关。结论大力推进家庭医生签约服务,以糖尿病饮食和运动为重点,对患者进行个体化健康教育,将科学的方法转变成简单易行的日常工具,帮助患者培养适合自己的健康生活方式和行为习惯。

OBJECTIVE To acquire the information on the current type 2 diabetes-related knowledge and behavior, analyze the factors provide the basis for the development of targeted non-drug intervention programs. METHODS Cluster sampling method was applied to divide Chi Town, Jiangbei District, Ningbo into five geographical area, each area using the random number table, randomly selected 40 cases of type 2 diabetes patients in ＂community general practitioner integrated business platform,＂ to conduct the survey questionnaire. RESULTS The overall survey of diabetes-related knowledge level was not high, physical activity guidelines for adults, daily activities and equivalents ＂food exchange copies of＂ concept alerted only accounted 8.5%, 6.0% and 23.5%. Drinking rate was 25.5%, smoking rate was 14.0%, moderate-intensity activity participation rate was 65.5%, a higher rate of behavioral control diet was 88.5%. Knowledge scoring was related to a family doctor; behavior score was related with education level, household income and knowledge scores. CONCLUSION It needed to vigorously promote the family doctor contracted services, diabetic diet and exercise in order to focus on patients with individual health education, scientific methods to transform simple everyday tools to help patients regular their own health and lifestyle habits.