扬州市城乡抽样人群脑卒中患病率及危险因素调查

Investigation on the Prevalences of Stroke and Risk Factors in the Urban and Rural Populations of Yangzhou

目的对扬州市城区和乡镇抽样人群脑卒中患病率及其危险因素暴露特点进行比较分析,为扬州地区开展脑卒中防控提供依据。方法按照第六次人口普查数据,采取整群抽样方法在扬州市城区(东关区)和乡镇(湾头镇)分别抽取≥40岁常驻居民(至少居住半年以上)4 846人为研究对象,采用统一设计的调查表对抽样人群脑卒中患病情况及危险因素暴露情况进行调查。结果扬州市城区和乡镇社区人群脑卒中患病率分别为3.0%和4.5%;乡镇人群高血压病、超重和吸烟的暴露率均高于城区,而城区人群心脏病、缺少锻炼的暴露率高于乡镇,糖尿病、血脂异常和卒中家族史的暴露率在城乡之间无显著差异。结论扬州市乡镇社区人群脑卒中患病率明显高于城区,可能与乡镇较高的高血压、超重和吸烟暴露率有关。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalences of stroke and risk factors in the urban and rural populations at Yangzhou. To provide the references for stroke prevention. METHODS By a clustered sampling method based on national population census data, 4 846 community-living subjects, aged 40 years or older, who had lived in Yangzhou for at least 0.5 years were sampled. A question- naire was applied to investigate the stroke status and relevant risk factors in the target populations. RESULTS The prevalences of stroke in the two sampling groups from urban and rural areas were 3.0%, 4.5% respectively. The exposure rates of hypertension, over- weight and smoking were higher in rural population, while the exposure rates of cardiopathy, lack of exercises were higher in urban population. There were no significant difference for diabetes, dyslipidemia and family history of stroke between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of stroke was higher in the rural population than that in urban population of Yangzhou, and it might be correlated with higher exposure rates of hypertension, overweight and smoking in rural population.