理论与流派:社会史视野下的中国水利社会研究

Theoretical Genres:Research from the Perspective of Social History of Water Conservancy Society in China

对于传统的中国农业社会而言,治水及水利管理的成功与否,实际上是关涉社会管理体系乃至国家体系的大问题。正是在强调水利与国家、社会整合这个层面上,对魏特夫的东方水利社会、冀朝鼎的"水"与"基本经济区"、弗里德曼和巴博德的"水"与"宗族社会"、杜赞奇的"水"与"权利的文化网络"以及"水利共同体"到水利社会与文化的研究等进行一一梳理,全面回溯水—水利共同体—水利社会的诸多理论,对我们深入地了解传统的中国社会无疑具有学术史的认识价值。

For Chinese traditional agricultural society, whether flood control and water management are successful or not, actually imposes a big problem in relation to the social management system and national system. With the emphasis on the integration of water conservancy, nation and society, the paper reviews Wittfogel’s research on Oriental water conservancy society, Ji Chaoding’s idea of ＂water＂and ＂basic economic area＂, Friedman’s opinion on ＂water＂ and ＂clan society＂, Prasenjit Duara’s concept of ＂water＂ and ＂right to cultural network＂. The paper also reviews many theories on water conservancy society, which is beneficial to the deep understanding of Chinese traditional society.