超临界水热燃烧技术研究及应用进展

Recent advances on research and application on supercritical hydrothermal combustion technology

超临界水热燃烧技术作为一种新型的高效清洁燃烧技术,为实现有机废物处理、稠油资源高效开发、煤基固体燃料清洁转化利用、新型钻井技术开发及劣质燃料品质提升等提供了一条崭新的途径,具有广阔的发展前景。本文概述了超临界水热燃烧的提出、发展历程及其技术优势,评述了不同燃料的水热火焰特性、水热燃烧反应器形式以及水热燃烧技术工程应用方面的研究现状。指出对于特定燃料,水热燃烧反应器具有较低的燃料熄火温度是提高反应器内水热火焰稳定性的关键。水热燃烧反应器开发过程中水热火焰区的结构布置需综合考虑蓄热需求与反应器壁面安全。水热火焰特性与超临界水中传热传质的耦合机制、水热燃烧过程数值模拟、光-超临水-氧气复杂环境下的材料腐蚀特性、水热火焰辅助降解有机废物、生产多元热流体辅助稠油开采、煤基固体燃料的水热燃烧是超临界水热燃烧领域未来研究热点。

As a novel high-efficient and clean combustion technology,supercritical hydrothermal combustion has provided a brand-new way to organic wastes treatment,heavy oil recovery,clean conversion and utilization of coal-based solid fuels,drilling technology development and upgrading quality of inferior fuels,etc. This paper outlines the introduction of supercritical hydrothermal combustion and its development process and technical advantages. The present development statuses on hydrothermal flame characteristics of various fuels,design of proper hydrothermal combustion reactors,and specific applications of hydrothermal combustion technology were reviewed respectively. For a given fuel,lower extinction temperatures owned by a hydrothermal combustion reactor play a key role in improving the stability of hydrothermal flames in reactor. Heat storage requirements and reactor wall safety of the hydrothermal flame zone need to be considered inside reactors during its design. Hydrothermal flame characteristics and its coupling mechanism with the heat and mass transfer of supercritical fluids, numerical simulation of the hydrothermal combustion process, material corrosion characteristics in complex environment containing hydrothermal flame,supercritical water and oxygen,etc.,wastes treatment assisted by hydrothermal flame,production of multicomponent thermal fluids for heavy oil recovery,and combustion characteristics of coal-based solid fuels will be the main focus of hydrothermal combustion researches.